Paper-making machine



3 'Shetvs-Sheet 1.

l(No Mdem i J. TVP-MAGDONNBLL PAPER MAKINGMAG'HINE. No. 320.372.Patented Jung 16, 1885i Y 2. t e h s m e e h s 3 L. L M BT.. Mm A 0M DGMm Mm .M P. R mL n A TUD.. u d 0 M o m No. 320,372. Patented rune16.1885.l

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J. T. F. MAGDQNNELL.

PAPER MAKING MAGHINE. i V NO- 320.372- PaJtented June .16, 188`52"\ 'Ktion.

"Ionv UNITED STATES; ParnNT-Orricn ions ir. r. MACDQNNELL, or noLYoKn,MASSACHUSETTS.

' PAPEa-MAKlNG MACHINE.

- -rsenci's'wATroN formngparr of Letters Patent No. 320,372, eared .rune16,188.5.

Application filed September 23, 1884. (No model.)l 4

To all whom, z'my concern;

Be it known that l, JOHN T. F. MACDON- NELL, ot' Holyoke, in the.count-y of Hampden. and Sta-te of Massachusetts, have invente-.dcertain Improvements in Paper-Making Machinery, ofwhich the following isa specifica- The aim of my invention is -tosecure vthe production bypaper-making machines of a web or sheet of uniform Weight.

To this end it consists in the employineut,in

connectionwith apaper-making machine, of l utonmtiemechanism formaintaining aunt4 form consistency of the stock, and automaticjniechanism by which the sto'elg'of uniform con` sisteney is deliveredto the machine at a rate corresponding with the speed of the machine.'

1n the manufacture of paper the rags or I other material, properly cut-`or ground to-a ne consistency and combined with Water,

constitutes the pulp which is fed-to the rmachine. In order to secure auniformity ofthe Weight or thickness of thepaper produced, it isnecessary that the pulp shall not onlyfbe of a uniform consistency, butalso thatitshall bedelivered to the machine with greater or lessrapidity, according to the speed at which the vmachine is driven.Neither uniformity in the consistency ofthe. pulp nor a graduation thepaper-machine, so that als thespeed of the= ofthe rate ofdelivery tothe, machine will be alone sutiicient to sec-ure uniform results.l Theregula-tion of the consistency' and the regula tion of the feed arebothnecessary to the end in view, and are dependent each upon the other.'

zIn carrying out-my invention I deliverthe pulp from "a chest 'orreceptacle to 'an automatic mechanism by which its consistency isregulated, and from which it is delivered of ari-unchanging consistencyto a feed mecha-nisin, from which it passes to the paperlinachine. Thisvalveor other iced-controlling device by which the rate of delivery isincreased or diminished is connected with and controlled by machine;decreasesr the deliver-'yet' l,the pulp"l ,thereto will. bel increasedtov correspond,` and orany equivalent mechanism, several ,ofivhichIareshown lin the drawings.

Berthe. purpose` yof' controlling the'i`e"refd,iI

prefer ,to eniployva sliding gate operated vby agovernor connectedbysuitalne gearing, either.v

directly ,or indirectl.y,\\'ith thepnp'erl machine; but otherfeed-controlling devices, several of which are hereinafter described,ymay be used.

Referring to. the drawings, Eigure l isla-n elevation partly in section,showing my inechanism introduced for action between the'stui` chest andthe 'papermachine. Fig. 2 is 'a hori-v zontal section on the line .frv90,--sl1oiving the arrangementy of valves forregul'atin g the deliveryot' the vmaterial vto the machine. Fig. 3 vis a sectional modification'on the'v line ze of Fig, 2; -FigsJi vand 5 areviews of a circularVregulatingvalve. 4 Fig., '6- is'san .outline or dia.-

grammatic view illustrating modified forms of 'the invention.."Fig.7,-is a top plan'yie-Wfof one of the mechanisms representedinthelplef cedingfigure.

Referring to Figs'. '1 f2, and 3, yA represents a stu` boxer reservoir.y The stock is. pumpedVE from tliemain chest into the-sltuiilbox in they. ordi-nary.manner.1` Near one side4 the stul'h boX- contains avertical partition, c, rising from... v

thebottom to aV point near the top.` Thepnlp iiowingvover the top oftlrjspartition descends.v on the opposite *sideand escapes near thebotitom of the box,'throngl1 a conductor, B, into a receptacle,0. Thereceptacle C is suspended from one end of a balancedlever or scale-beam,I), which is weighted or balanced iii-such manner that `it Wil-lremainfyinequilibrium when the receptacle O isylledtothe proper heightwith pulp-ofthepnoper consistency: Tige Ifeeeptacle O contains averticalpartition, er

tending from a vpoint'ne'ar thetop"to a. point.-

ne'ar the bottonn. l'Ihel-p'ulp enteringonone side of this partitionpasses thereunder-and escapessfrom the oppositeside,nearzthe'itop, 1

through an overowlspout,1c; iThisconstruevv tion ymaintains .thepulpat'a ynnit'ori I,Within the receptacle.,f` f.-

lAsthe specific-.'gravityof the lpu-lp jvaries according to itsconsistfen'cy,l` it.; follows? that, '1 any'changein the consistencyW'illdestroy the To one sin@ of nre-recepracrjr auch annui, d,,conne'etin'g- Iwith the spindle@ of a; ',valvfe,`

` which controls the delivery of water through the pipe E intol thespout or conductor B,

through which the pulp is delivered from the I stuff-box intothereceptacle.v The specific gravity of the-stock is greater than that ofthe Water. vWhen, therefore, the consistency ,of4

the pulp in the receptacle becomes too thick,

the resulting 'depression of the receptacle causes the valve tobe openedand water to be yadmitted through the pipe tothe receptacle untilthepulpis reduced tothe proper consistency, whereupon, the equilibrium beingagainestablished, the receptacle rises and the ltlovv of Vwaterdiminishesor ceases. In this man ner the pulp is delivered from thereceptacle 'C of a constant unvarying consistency,

the operation being essentially the sameasthat set forth in my patentbefore referred to. lhe pulp lofwin g from the receptacle C is receivedin a stationary receptacle, F, provided with an overliow-pipe, G, bywhich the body of'pulp is maintained ata lconstant height therein'. Thisregulation of the height or head' of the pulp within the receiver F isimportan t, in that itinsures a uniform delivery when the outlet-valveis at a givenadjustment. v In the bottom ofthe rcceive'rF there is.' anout- .let-p'ort, g', through which the pulp descends to the conductorleadi'ngtothepaper-machine. This openingvis closed by means of twohorizontally-sliding valves, H and'I, moving at right an glcs to eachother, and one abovey the v other, the tiret-named valve `heiligdesigned connected with the innerends of theweight'ed arms P,.the deviceb eingsimilar in this regard to vtheordinary ba-ll-governor. The rotaryghead 'is connectcd'by mter gear with ashaft, Q, carrying a pulley, R,which is connected byal belt'wth thev paper-machine or with; themechanism through which motion is commu! nicated tosaid machine, sothatthe governor 'will' receive a speed corresponding precisely withthat of the paper-machine. As the speed of the paper-in achineincreases, the correspondingV increase inv the-speed of the governorwill canse the arms P to be thrown out-ward by centrifugal torce, theeffect of which Willbe to vdepress the bar N and cause the 'dog Lto turnthe screw .Land thereby open the valve l., so aste permit the pulp toiow more rapid# .ly'to .the machine. -A decrease in the speed of themachine'is followed-by an elevation of.

` `thebar Nj andfjya. closing of the valve I to a with the specdof themachine.

corresponding x'tent,"so\that the rateot' delivery yof the pulp isreduced 'to correspond From' the foregoingit will bel understood that bymy combination of mech anisin to regulate the consistency and mechanismto regulate the rate of delivery 1am enabled to sup? plythepaper-machine automatically with pulp uniform in consistency andvariable in qualitity, according to the rate of the machine. The

result is the 1production ot paper ot perfect uniformity in weight andthickness,

While I have described thosedetails of construction which'l consider thebestadaptedfor practicalpurposes, it will. be manifest to the skilledmechanic that the regulator and `the valve controlled tlierebymay beinoditied in detail, and that the regulator may be connected with `theYpapermachine by driving vmechanism of any appropriate characte'r.

Itis to be noted as apeculiarity ot my auf tomati'c feed mechanism thatthe snpplyot material' to the machine is constant, and that v in thisregard i-t d iiers essentially from mechanisms in which pumps', buckets,and equivalent .mechanisms deliver material intermit-- tingly. i y f Inplaccof the overflow-pipe yGr, or in addition thereto, for the purposeof maintaining a uniform heightof the pulp' in the receiver-E, I`propose to employ therein a float', S, snspended from lone end of alever, T, the oppolsite end of whichserves to raise and lower arms or pawls Uv -V, .mounted toslide on a vertical rotaryl shaft,-VV, driventhrough .intermediate gea-ring from the paper* machine. Asthe pawls areraised or lowered, one or the otherwil'l er1- gage with a spur-wheel, X,attached to 'a screw," Y, 'which controls a valve, Zforrregula ting thedelivery of the material from the stuff-box A. In place of thetwoindependent 'valves moving -at right angles to each other, as beforedescribed, to regulate the feed, I may employ a valve, eitherflat orcircular,`movable in' two direct-ions at right anglesto `cach other overa throatior passage corresponding. in form and size tothejvalve-opening, the movement m one direction-to be ei'ectedl by handand in the otherl direction 4by the automatic governor. Figs. 4 and 5represent this construction em- IOO bodied in acir'cular valve. arepresents vthe f cylindrical valve body or case, .provided with therectangular port b. I represents the valve,

made of circular form and 'adapted toslide'in an axial directiom'andalso torotate within the body ak# The valve' is pro-videdfwith atransverse rectangular port or opening correspond in'g to that of Vtheshell.- When the two openings correspond, the valve willdcliv'er-itsfull capacity ;`l bn-t moving the valve either axially or ina rotarydirection lwill have the effect of vthrowing the ports fout ofregistertoagreater or lessjextent, and Vthus reducing the flowl ofmaterial. The valve is provided with a spindle, c-, which may bermoved-'longitudinally-hy hand, and is'also provided with a spur-fwheel,d", engaging 'a wor-ni, c', the. Ashattcf` which' is provided with aspur-wheel, K, adapted tube' actuated lbythe governorin the-same, man`ner as represented in the-preceding gures.

Changes 'in the Speed. 0f the rreranahine" '30.vmixing-box'.I".whcnceitisdelivered through will cause the Worm torotate the valve, and

thus open or close its port, controlling the rate 1 ot'` deliveryaccording to the speed of the ma- .r.h.inc., rlhe arbitrary changes in.the rate.` of delivery to securcthe proper thicknessofthe -'sheet are`.effected .by pushingithe spindle end- ,.wise. VIt-will be observedAthat-this valve, is

the mechanical .equivalent` ofthe: two valves A,IEI cand I-moving'atright angles to'each other,

bein g eEected, Vin essentially` the same manner in thetwocases.

the v-ariationsin the size/otl Vthe port or passa Referring to'F ig. 6,it will be foundto rep- 'resent,substantially that arrangement oi parts1 5.

which are commonly used=for supplying pulp Stoa paperfmachine with myimproved devices embodiedtherew1t'hiin various forms. Inthis case, A'represents the` engine or beater, in

which the stock is constantly agitated by '.meansof 'a revolvingvwheelor-cylinder. B'

represents aspoutcondueting thcstock from the `en gine into astuff-chest, C', provided with rotary, beaters. llhis stuttchestisconnected at its,A bottom by a.l delivery-pipe, D', provided l with aforcer-pump or equivalent device, toa stutfborn E', from which a pipe,F', returns `the surplusmaterial to the stuit-box, as usual..

A y Frorn-thefstuif-boirE'Ihe stockflows throughtheA pipe'FVby Way lof afan pump, G', anda spout, H', into.whatfisacommonly kuownas a.

a' screen, J to thepaper-ma-hine proper;` l'n applyingv'm'yjimprowelmen'ts to an apparatus' thus' organized I may secure thevuniform consistency of the stock-by mounting the tank or body of theengine A' on; ay counte'rbalanced lever, K', so that it will rise or'all'according to the specific gravity of its contents, which shouldremain at a constant level therein. A

'trolling the `admission and discharge of the water in such manner as tomaintainan un.

changing consistency of the stock.; or, inl lplace of regulating theconsistency ot' the stock at the engine, as above described, I may liiitroducebetween the stuft' box andthe mix- Within the receiver thereare two lio-ats, Q'

'ing-box a receivin`gvessel, O', arranged to receive material directlyrfrom the stuibox,zand provide it with an overow-pipe, P', vfor returningthe surplus material to the stuff-chest, whereby the constant level ofthe material is maintained in thereceiver. The pi pe L' serves todeliver water into the receiver for the purpose-of reducing. theconsistency of the stock.

and It', the former arranged to tioat at all times upon the surface,while the latter is of such buoyancy that although it will tioat uponthe surface when the stock is ot' the proper consistency it .willsinkbelow the surface duced. The two iioats are connected by cordspassing over gn-idepulloys with opposite ends .of alever,fS",.soethatthey sinlringviot' either tloa't -must be -ti'illowed by the risingfof`the other. 'lhe lguide.-pul'leys.ibrthecords are mounted in .oppositeends .of a centrally-pivoted -lcvcr,rl`", s'oth'at the' sinkingfofeither weight is accompanied by a' depression 0f the corresimndingy `undof the lever.` At one end .thelcveris connected' by-.a link,-U', in thevateripipe AV". When the. :pulp becomes .too thin, -tiie dont R' wil-lsink, depressing Qneend ot'thc lever,'I'ropening tl mitting water untilthe .1' -againfcstablished.

Steuer 's regulation ot' thestock mayfb'e 'eii'ected inthe mixinglbox.l' by placing therein float, Q', adapted to il oat on thesnrfaceofthepulp .w hen it is of thcproperconsistency, an'd connecting this tioat byan intermediate lever with a water-` 'from which the pulp flows maybe socombined with valve mechnnismthat, sinking beneath thc weight of thehea-vyfpulp, it will cause the water admission valve: to be opened. i A

ofA the!variousiiorms'.which ymy invention may lassume in practice...Lie-wr I 1 l for-controlling the rateof delivery ot' themachine'representeti'n Figs. .l to 4 answers an excellent. purpose, itlmay sometimesbe found representednat X','Figs.6' and?. y{Ilhis consistsof a'cyliuder revolving' beneath the mouth of the reeept-acle-Q', whichis closed thereby. The feeder is provided in its periphery with a numberof cells-or pockets, which are carried beneath the mouth of thereceiver, and thus past the mouth of the pipe. Y', whichcommunicateswith thcfan-pump. Each cell or pocket in passing thc receiver is-tilledtherefrom, the stock in the pocket being carried forward by the rotationof the feeder and discharged into the pipe Y'.

In order to effect the arbitrary regulation provide the revolving feederX' at one end the axis by a central screw, and provided with blocksoi1arms which enter the ends of the ycells or pockets, as shown in Fig. 7,so that by turning the screw the capacity of the pocket may be increasedor diminished at will.

Having thus described I claim is- 1. In combination with each other andwith a paper-machine, an automatic` mechanism controlled byathe specificgravity of the-stock to regulate its consistency and an automatic `feedmechanism connected with a mechanical governor and with a paper-machine,whereby stock may7 bedelivered to the paper-machine of uniformconsistency and at a speed corre'- spending to the speed ofthe machine.

' when the consistencyor specificgravity is ref In placeot'` theforegoing' arrangement, .the

admission valve, W" ora` flexible diaphragm.

'.lhe yforegoing., are mentioned as examples advisable to use `thevrotary feeder,- such asA of the amount of stock delivered, `[proposeto\ )Vith a plate, Z',` adjusted in the direction of my invention, what`While the feed mechanism or mechanism ICO IIO

IIS

2./ The herein-described feeding apparatus for a paper-machine,comprising, first, the balanced receptacle connected with a'watersnpplyvalve, and, second, a hopper or recep`-. tacle supplied fromthe-balanced receptacle and vp rovided with a valve to regulate thedischarge, and with a mechanical governor connected to said valve, saidparts 'being con` structed and arranged for joint operationsubstantiallyas liereinbefore set forth. 3. The combination,substantially as here'- inbefore described and shown', of a paper-malchine, an automatic feed mechanism controlled by the machinetoregulate-the rate of de# livery ofthe stock, andan automatic mechanismto produce a uniform consistencyof 4the stock'deliveredto the feedmechanism.

4. In combination .with a paper-machine, an

elevated receiver or hopper, from which the stock ilows 4constantlydownward to the Inachine, means, substantially as described, to

maintain a constant head or pressure of .stock withinl the hopper, agate to regulate the ow ofstock from the hopper,'.and an automaticmechanical governor connecting the papermachine with the gate,substantially as described, whercbythe delivery of stock iscon-- trolledin accordance with the speed -of the vmachine'.

5. In combination with a paper-machine and a hopper or source ofstocksnpply having a constant delivery to the machine, a feed mechanism,and mechanism, substantially as described, connecting the gate with themachine, whereby the rate of delivery is varied 35 in exact conformityto the rate of the machine. 6. The feed spout or conductor and thefced-i controlling valve or valves adapted for adjustment in onedirection by hand, in combi- A nation with a mechanical governor adapted4 oforl connection with -the paper-machine, whereby the rate of feed'maybe' regulated according to the speed of the machine, and also regulatedatvwilljto increaseor diminish the thickness of the web;r n 45 7. Incombination with a paper-machine, the rotary head O,centrifngally-acting weights, P, bar H, and the 'eedregalating -J,and.wheel K, the rotary centrifugal governor having the bar N, provided withdogs L l6o and M.

.'ln'testimony whereof I hereunto setmjf'v hand, this 23d day of August,1884, in the presenceof two att-esting witnesses.`

'JOHN T. F. MACDONNELL.

Witnesses: f

' J J. SULLIVAN, J. B. MUNN. Y

